{"id":707,"date":"2020-04-28T15:43:05","date_gmt":"2020-04-28T13:43:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.10rdlf.fr\/garden\/?page_id=707"},"modified":"2021-01-12T10:56:17","modified_gmt":"2021-01-12T09:56:17","slug":"larchitecture-traditionnelle-toulousaine","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?page_id=707","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;architecture traditionnelle toulousaine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>L&#8217;architecture de la r\u00e9gion de Toulouse est assez unique en France, avec une utilisation tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue des briques et des galets. Beaucoup de visiteurs s&#8217;\u00e9tonnent de ce m\u00e9lange, souvent h\u00e9t\u00e9roclites suivant la technique du constructeur, et qui dispara\u00eet d\u00e8s que l&#8217;on s&#8217;\u00e9loigne un peu de Toulouse  pour laisser place \u00e0 une architecture plus classique de pierre de taille.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nous allons essayer de pr\u00e9senter quelques aspects caract\u00e9ristiques de ces techniques de construction, qui sont d&#8217;ailleurs assez r\u00e9centes (quelques si\u00e8cles, wikipedia date les premi\u00e8res utilisations de briques foraines au 11<sup>i\u00e9me<\/sup> si\u00e8cle), les tr\u00e8s vieux b\u00e2timents \u00e9tant d&#8217;une structure plus classique \u00e0 colombages\/torchis. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1194\" width=\"512\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 85vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les mat\u00e9riaux de bases sont simples : briques, galets et tuiles romaines<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-center\" style=\"grid-template-columns:23% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"846\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1-846x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1-846x1024.jpg 846w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1-248x300.jpg 248w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1-768x929.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1-1269x1536.jpg 1269w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1-1200x1452.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_1.jpg 1613w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">La brique foraine crue<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ment de construction le plus simple est probablement la brique foraine d&#8217;argile crue. Le plus souvent de taille environ 28cm x 42cm x 5cm, elle est faite d&#8217;argile s\u00e9ch\u00e9e, non cuite. Elle est mont\u00e9e avec un mortier d&#8217;argile. Elle est utilis\u00e9e pour les murs porteurs int\u00e9rieurs, et les murs ext\u00e9rieurs non soumis aux intemp\u00e9ries. En ext\u00e9rieur elle peut \u00eatre prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par un enduit \u00e0 la chaux, voir m\u00eame \u00e0 base de goudron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1189\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1189\" class=\"wp-image-1189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0048-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mur ext\u00e9rieur en briques crues non prot\u00e9g\u00e9, en exposition sud<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1249\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1249\" class=\"wp-image-1249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-1366x2048.jpg 1366w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943-1200x1800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0064-scaled-e1610380650943.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 85vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Fondations en galets jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 1m hors sol, une rang\u00e9e de briques rouges, puis briques crues<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:22% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"810\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2-810x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2-810x1024.jpg 810w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2-237x300.jpg 237w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2-768x971.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2-1215x1536.jpg 1215w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2-1200x1517.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_2.jpg 1436w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 85vw, 810px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">La brique foraine rouge (cuite)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La brique foraine &#8220;cuite&#8221;, ou &#8220;rouge&#8221; , de couleur rouge\/orang\u00e9 qui a donn\u00e9 \u00e0 Toulouse son surnom de ville rose (bien que les plus anciennes soient rouges tournant \u00e0 l&#8217;orange&#8230;). De m\u00eame dimensions que la pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, les vielles tuiles peuvent \u00eatre tr\u00e8s h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes avec gravillons inclus dans la masse, voil\u00e9es, aux dimensions variables. Elles constituent essentiellement les murs ext\u00e9rieurs, les arr\u00eates de murs, les contours d&#8217;ouvertures (portes, fen\u00eatres). Elle est utilis\u00e9 en combinaison avec les galets pour les murs mixtes. La Cath\u00e9drale d&#8217;Albi est construite enti\u00e8rement de briques rouges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1199\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1199\" class=\"wp-image-1199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-1200x1600.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114647-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 85vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Maison en briques rouges<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"569\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-1024x569.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1201\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1201\" class=\"wp-image-1201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-1024x569.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-768x426.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-1536x853.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-2048x1137.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115232_1-1200x666.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Contours de fen\u00eatres, mur mixte<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:23% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"649\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3-1024x649.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3-1024x649.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3-300x190.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3-768x486.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3-1536x973.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3-1200x760.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_3.jpg 1724w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">Les galets<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les galets sont tr\u00e8s abondants sur tout le lit de la Garonne ce qui explique leur pr\u00e9sence dans les constructions locales. Ils sont utilis\u00e9s pour les fondations (gros galets &gt; 10kg) et les murs ext\u00e9rieurs mixtes avec briques rouges. Ils sont mont\u00e9s au mortier d&#8217;argile (pour les plus vielles constructions) ou de chaux. Le style du mur est tr\u00e8s variable, de tr\u00e8s grossier \u00e0 soign\u00e9. Les murs sont interpos\u00e9s de rang\u00e9s de briques, probablement pour renforcer la r\u00e9sistance structurelle de l&#8217;ouvrage, et peuvent inclure d&#8217;autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments comme des pierres ou des fragments de tuiles . L&#8217;\u00e9paisseur du mur est autour de 40 cm, compos\u00e9e le plus souvent de 2 \u00e0 3 rang\u00e9es de galets, la rang\u00e9e du milieu utilisant des galets plus petits, voir du remblais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1191\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1191\" class=\"wp-image-1191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0051-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mur r\u00e9gulier (rejoint\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1218\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1218\" class=\"wp-image-1218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-1366x2048.jpg 1366w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132-1200x1800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0046-scaled-e1610203837132.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 85vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Mur grossier<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1202\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1202\" class=\"wp-image-1202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_115754-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Maison aux murs mixtes soign\u00e9s<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:26% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"513\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4-1024x513.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4-1024x513.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4-768x385.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4-1536x769.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4-1200x601.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0111_4.jpg 1923w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">La tuile canal<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>La tuile canal, pr\u00e9sente dans la moiti\u00e9 sud de la France, n&#8217;a plus \u00e0 \u00eatre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e. Dans la r\u00e9gion mont\u00e9es sur voliges (planches d&#8217;environ 1 \u00e0 2 cm d&#8217;\u00e9paisseur), elles \u00e9taient traditionnellement cal\u00e9es avec des morceaux de tuiles cass\u00e9es. La plupart des anciens toits de la r\u00e9gion sont en tuiles canal, en ardoise, ou en tuile m\u00e9canique &#8220;de Marseille&#8221; pour les un-peu-moins anciens. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1229\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1229\" class=\"wp-image-1229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0562-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Vielles tuiles sur voliges cal\u00e9es avec des morceaux de tuiles<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:23% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0055-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1192\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">L&#8217;enduit ext\u00e9rieur<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L&#8217;utilisation d&#8217;enduit sur les murs ext\u00e9rieurs des b\u00e2timents anciens pour les prot\u00e9ger ou les embellir \u00e9tait une pratique courante.  Par contre plusieurs questions sur l&#8217;utilisation d&#8217;enduit restent ouvertes :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Quand l&#8217;emploi d&#8217;enduit est-il devenu g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 ?<\/li><li>Servait-il \u00e0 donner un aspect de pierre de taille ?<\/li><li>Etait-il r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux maisons ais\u00e9s, mais toutefois pas assez  riches pour s&#8217;offrir une construction en pierre de taille ?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Sur les murs en briques crues l&#8217;enduit est presque obligatoire, la brique se d\u00e9gradant avec l&#8217;humidit\u00e9. Sur les murs en briques rouges ou briques\/galets l&#8217;enduit est optionnel. Ce que l&#8217;on peut observer aujourd&#8217;hui :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>La mise en valeur des galets apparents qui sont rejoint\u00e9s proprement est une tendance r\u00e9cente. Avant un mur en galets \u00e9tait soit enduit, soit brut de coffrage.<\/li><li>La plupart des enduits sont \u00e0 base de chaux hydraulique avec du sable local, non color\u00e9.<\/li><li>Les contours d&#8217;ouvertures et arr\u00eates de murs en briques rouges sont laiss\u00e9s apparents.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1200\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1200\" class=\"wp-image-1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_20201211_114959-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Un enduit qui se d\u00e9grade (exposition ouest)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1193\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1193\" class=\"wp-image-1193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-1366x2048.jpg 1366w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795-1200x1800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0062-scaled-e1610203626795.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 85vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Bas de mur aux galets apparents rejoint\u00e9s. Le haut du mur garde l&#8217;enduit d&#8217;origine imitation pierres (1903)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0055-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1226\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0055-scaled-e1610206893487.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1226\" class=\"wp-image-1226\"\/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Enduit sur un mur mixte briques crues et cuites<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:25% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/DSC_0167-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-652\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/DSC_0167-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/DSC_0167-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/DSC_0167-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/DSC_0167-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">Quelques exemples<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Une galerie de b\u00e2timents r\u00e9gionaux<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery aligncenter columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-6 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_0351.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1250\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_0351.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1250\" class=\"wp-image-1250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_0351.jpg 640w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_0351-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 85vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Maison bourgeoise<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1251\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1251\" class=\"wp-image-1251\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526-1536x2048.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526-1200x1600.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/IMG_3747-scaled-e1610380490526.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 85vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Cath\u00e9drale de Rieux-Volvestre<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-683x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1248\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1248\" class=\"wp-image-1248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-683x1024.jpg 683w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-768x1152.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-1024x1536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-1366x2048.jpg 1366w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651-1200x1800.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0061-scaled-e1610380478651.jpg 1707w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 85vw, 683px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Pigeonnier, toit en tuiles &#8220;Marseille&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"1247\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-scaled.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?attachment_id=1247\" class=\"wp-image-1247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/DSC_0058-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">Colombages<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Toutes les informations pr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans cet article viennent de mes observations personnelles. Pour plus de renseignement je citerai :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brique_foraine\">wikipedia<\/a>, article sur la brique foraine<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&#8217;architecture de la r\u00e9gion de Toulouse est assez unique en France, avec une utilisation tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandue des briques et des galets. Beaucoup de visiteurs s&#8217;\u00e9tonnent de ce m\u00e9lange, souvent h\u00e9t\u00e9roclites suivant la technique du constructeur, et qui dispara\u00eet d\u00e8s que l&#8217;on s&#8217;\u00e9loigne un peu de Toulouse pour laisser place \u00e0 une architecture plus classique de &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/?page_id=707\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;L&#8217;architecture traditionnelle toulousaine&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/707"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=707"}],"version-history":[{"count":47,"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/707\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1261,"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/707\/revisions\/1261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.galetsetoliviers.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}